NASA waxay ku dhacday inay ka tagto Mars: Helikobta ayaa noqonaysa beddelka rooverada
Marka ugu horreysay muddo ka badan 30 sano, NASA ma helo qorshe cad oo ay ku dirayso roover ama lander cusub Mars. Hadda, barnaamijka hore ee NASA ee Mars waa midka SkyFall, kaas oo diyaarinaya saddex helikob oo loo isticmaali doono baaritaanka farsamo ee Mars.
Qorshaha SkyFall iyo SR-1 Freedom
Barnaamijka SkyFall wuxuu diyaarinayaa saddex helikob oo Mars loo dirayo, kuwaas oo la doonayo inay ku baxaan bishii dambe ee 2028. Helikobadan waxay ku socdaan barnaamijka Space Reactor-1 'Freedom', kaas oo qiimaha $2.1 milyan ah, kaas oo ujeedkiisu yahay inuu muujiyo sifooyinka qalabka nafaqada ee gudaha fagaaraha.
Barnaamijka SR-1 Freedom wuxuu isticmaali doonaa qaybta ugu weyn ee barnaamijka Gateway, kaas oo la joojiyay, si uu u noqdo meel loo baaro qalabka nafaqada. Tani waxay muujinaysaa in NASA ay ku dhaqaaqday qorshe cusub oo aan horey loo arag, iyadoo diyaar u ah inay ku guuleysato barnaamijka SkyFall.
Ingenuity iyo horumarinta SkyFall
SkyFall wuxuu ku xiran yahay guusha Ingenuity, helikobkii ugu horreeyay ee u duulay Mars sanadkii 2021. Ingenuity wuxuu duulay 72 jeer ka hor inta uusan ku dhicin bishii hore ee 2024, waxaana la filayay inuu duulo 5 jeer oo kaliya. SkyFall wuxuu ka weyn yahay Ingenuity, isagoo leh qalabka qalabka iyo qalabka qalabka.
Jeff Rodrian, hoggaamiyaha qaybta MacCready Works ee AeroVironment, wuxuu yiri: 'Helikobka Mars waxaa loo sameyn karaa mid ka mid ah qalabka, mana ahan mid ka mid ah qalabka.' Tani waxay muujinaysaa in SkyFall uu noqon doono mid ka mid ah qalabka, mana ahan mid ka mid ah qalabka.
Iskaashiga JPL iyo AeroVironment
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) waa iskaashi la sameeyay AeroVironment, shirkad ka dhex ah dalka Mareykanka, si ay u sameeyaan saddexda helikob ee SkyFall iyo mid kale oo la ilaaliyo. AeroVironment waa mas'uulka qalabka qalabka, qalabka qalabka, iyo qalabka qalabka.
JPL wuxuu diyaarinayaa qalabka qalabka, qalabka qalabka, iyo qalabka qalabka, sidoo kale wuxuu diyaarinayaa qalabka qalabka oo loo isticmaali doono baaritaanka qalabka qalabka ee Mars. Helikobka kasta wuxuu leeyahay qalabka qalabka iyo qalabka qalabka si uu u baaro fagaaraha Mars.
For the first time in over 30 years, NASA has no confirmed plans to send a new lander or rover to Mars. Instead, the agency is betting its near-term future on aerial drones, with the SkyFall mission set to launch as early as late 2028.
A New Era of Martian Flight
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory is partnering with drone developer AeroVironment to design and build three SkyFall helicopters, plus one spare unit. The project builds directly on the Ingenuity helicopter, which became the first rotorcraft to fly on another world in 2021 and completed 72 flights before a crash landing in early 2024.
The new vehicles will be somewhat larger than Ingenuity—about 2.5 kilograms (5.5 pounds) instead of 1.8 kilograms (4 pounds)—with upgraded rotors to handle a heavier payload. SkyFall will show that Mars helicopters can be built as a repeatable product line, not a one-off delivery, said Jeff Rodrian, head of AeroVironment's MacCready Works division.
Riding on a Nuclear-Powered Mission
SkyFall's helicopters will ride to Mars aboard NASA's Space Reactor-1 'Freedom' mission, which has the primary objective of demonstrating nuclear electric propulsion in deep space. The SR-1 Freedom mission is estimated to cost $2.1 billion and will repurpose the core module of the canceled Gateway lunar space station into a testbed for nuclear electric propulsion.
AeroVironment is responsible for the helicopters' rotor systems, airframes, structures, avionics integration, and accommodation for science payloads. JPL will develop the power system, electronics, algorithms, and software, along with a ground-penetrating radar to search for shallow subsurface ice below the Martian surface.
Beyond Ingenuity's Limitations
Ingenuity carried two cameras but lacked any sophisticated scientific instruments, and its range was limited by a requirement to communicate through a base station on the Perseverance rover. SkyFall will carry a suite of cameras and sensors to gather data on the Martian atmosphere, plus advanced instruments for deeper scientific exploration.
The new helicopters will be capable of transmitting and receiving data through communications relay orbiters flying overhead, a significant upgrade over Ingenuity's reliance on a single surface-based relay. This marks a major step forward in how NASA plans to explore the red planet.
Ilaha iyo xuquuqda sawirka
Sawir: Ars Technica Xigasho
