UNHCR-ka Soomaaliya: Baraha Canshuurka Bulshada ee Bulgaariya Waa Xaaladaha Dabacsan, Maaha Dadka
UNHCR-ka ayaa sameeyay baaritaan ku saabsan amniga xarumaha qaxootiga ee Bulgaariya, iyadoo diiradda saartay khataraha dilka iyo xadgudubka bulshada ee dumarka iyo dadka kale ee leh khataraha isku dhaca. Baaritaanka ayaa ku saleysan habka caalamiga ah ee UNHCR-ka, waxaana la shaqeeyay Hay'adda Dowladda ee Qaxootiga iyo Maamulka Migrashinka.
Habka Baaritaanka iyo Xarumaha La Baranayay
UNHCR-ka ayaa isticmaashay habka 'triangulation' ee qaybinta macluumaadka, kaas oo ka kooban baaritaanka qoraalka, booqashooyin dhulka ah iyo hadal-hayn iyo wada-hadallo la yeeshay xubno aqoon leh. Waxaa la baranayay 12 xarun qaxooti iyo 2 xarun Compass Protection and Inclusion Centres, waxaana la xaqiijiyay aragtida 150 qof.
Habkan wuxuu u ogolaaday in la fahmo sida dadku u arkaan amniga, la xaqiijiyo xaaladaha dhaqaale iyo kuwa kale ee keeni kara khataraha, iyo in la soo ururiyo aragtida bulshada ku saabsan tallaabooyinka lagu kordhin karo ilaalinta iyo adeegyada taageerada.
Khataraha Dhabta ah ee La Ogaaday
Bulshada dumarka, carruurta iyo dadka LGBTIQ+-ka ah ma raadinayaan 'xasilooni gaar ah', balse waxay raadinayaan 'xasilooni, amni, aqoonsi iyo xuquuqda nolosha caadiga ah'. Waxaa la ogaaday in khataraha dhabta ah ay ka yimaadaan xaaladaha dhaqaale, shaqada aan la haysan heshiis, iyo adeegyada caafimaadka ee aan la helin si fudud.
Waxaa sidoo kale jira khataraha 'dilka bulshada' ee la sameeyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo 'xushmad' iyo 'naxariis', kuwaas oo ah xadgudubyo culus oo xuquuqda aadanaha ah, kuwaas oo u baahan in la xaqiijiyo, la joojiyo, la xakameeyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqi
Tallaabooyinka Loo Qaadayo Amniga
Xarumahaas oo ay jiraan amniga iyo ilaalinta, waxaa la ogaaday in khataraha dhabta ah ay ka yimaadaan xaaladaha dhaqaale, shaqada aan la haysan heshiis, iyo adeegyada caafimaadka ee aan la helin si fudud. Waxaa sidoo kale jira khataraha 'dilka bulshada' ee la sameeyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo 'xushmad' iyo 'naxariis', kuwaas oo ah xadgudubyo culus oo xuquuqda aadanaha ah, kuwaas oo u baahan in la xaqiijiyo, la joojiyo, la xakameeyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo, la xaqiijiyo
UNHCR-ka ayaa sheegay in 'baaritaanka amniga' uu u ogolaado in la fahmo sida dadku u arkaan amniga, la xaqiijiyo xaaladaha dhaqaale iyo kuwa kale ee keeni kara khataraha, iyo in la soo ururiyo aragtida bulshada ku saabsan tallaabooyinka lagu kordhin karo ilaalinta iyo adeegyada taageerada.
A UNHCR-led safety audit across 12 accommodation sites and two Compass Protection and Inclusion Centres in Bulgaria has concluded that the risk of gender-based violence stems from dangerous conditions rather than the individuals housed there, with 150 perspectives captured through field visits, focus groups and expert interviews.
Methodology and Scope of the Safety Audit
The study was carried out in line with the UNHCR's established international framework, with the support of Bulgaria's State Agency for Refugees and the Directorate of Migration. A triangulation of mixed methods was employed, combining a desk-based review of statistical data and regulatory documents with on-the-ground field visits and focus group discussions with experts.
Twelve accommodation sites and two Compass Protection and Inclusion Centres were visited, and the perspectives of 150 individuals were captured. The audit explicitly states it is not designed to document or verify individual incidents, but rather to understand perceptions of safety and identify environmental and structural factors that may increase the risk of violence.
Key Findings on Structural Vulnerability
The data collected shows that the risk of gender-based violence is not a function of 'dangerous people', but of dangerous conditions. Women, children and LGBTIQ+ individuals are not seeking special treatment, but predictability, security, dignity and the right to a normal life.
Interviews reveal low levels of direct physical violence within accommodation centres when security staff act as a strong protective factor, but increased risks of gender-based violence due to structural vulnerability, including economic insecurity, labour exploitation, limited access to healthcare and a lack of clear reporting channels and psychosocial support.
Pathways for Effective Prevention
In those accommodation facilities where gender-based violence is currently being addressed with heightened attention, lower assessed levels of risk are observed, thanks to adequate spatial organisation and trained staff. This suggests that targeted investment in facility design and personnel can significantly reduce risk.
However, the prevention of gender-based violence cannot be effective without functioning social, health and regulative pathways outside the immigration detention system and outside the activities of institutions within the asylum system, including treating violence against women and intersectional risks of harm as grounds for international protection.
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